• Welcome to the Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section

    Dedicated to improving of accounting education through innovative curricula and efficient instruction.

  • TLC Webinar: Getting Students to Use Their Brains

    2015 Second Spring Complimentary Webinar for Members of the Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section Friday, February 20, 2015, 2pm (EST).

    Moderator: Cathy Scott, Navarro College
    Presenter: Tracie Miller-Nobles, Austin Community College and Brenda Mattison, Tri-County Technical College

   

Dear Fellow Accounting Professional:

IT is with great pride that I present you with an overview of the American Accounting Association (AAA) Teaching, Learning and Curriculum (TLC) Section Strategic Plan. This overview is the result of many hours of lively discussion and insightful inputs from members of the TLC Section Strategic Planning Committee over the past year. Our purpose was clear: to develop a strategy that reflects TLC Section membership, that builds on past successes of the Section, and that establishes a clear path for our continued success.

Read more...

Educational issues are important to everyone in the AAA, educators and practitioners alike, for we all have a vested interest in enhancing the quality of education of accounting students.

This section provides a forum that cuts across disciplines, specialty areas and geographic boundaries. In recent years the Section has sponsored sessions, prepared monographs and developed workshops on such vital areas as computer applications and the interest in the classroom, assessment of teaching effectiveness, graduate program profiles and interpersonal skills development to name only several initiatives.

The Teaching, Learning & Curriculum Section enables members to share their experiences, providing important opportunities for linkage between

  • large and small schools
  • educators and practitioners
  • members worldwide

Join the AAA and Add the TLC Section When You Join -  Click Here

Section Membership Applications for Current American Accounting Association Members
Current AAA members may add the TLC Section membership to their member profile by using the Full-Member Section Application Form or the Student-Member Section Application Form. You must be a current AAA member to use these forms.

   

The Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section is dedicated to improving of accounting education through innovative curricula and efficient instruction.

Dues: $20 ($6 for students)
Newsletter: The Accounting Educator

         

"I consider it a rare privilege to have been involved in the formation of the Teaching, Learning & Curriculum section of the AAA several years ago and have served as its second chair. The section is at the heart of what the AAA is and should be about. The TLC Section is one of the places within the AAA where I am most comfortable and have learned the most."
Jan Williams
Ernst & Young Professor
The University of Tennessee, Knoxville
TLC Chair, 1992-93

"Over the years, I've met many wonderful people in the AAA. However, my best contacts and associates are those individuals I met through the Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section. This group fosters the development of effective teaching and pedagogy, professionally relevant curricula, and high-quality educational research. In short, there is something for everybody in the Section! It is the one Section of the AAA that cuts across all functional areas of specialization, regions, and institutional types."
David E. Stout
Youngstown State University
TLC Chair 1996-97

"I truly believe that everyone who is a member of the American Accounting Association should join the Teaching, Learning & Curriculum Section as well. TLC activities, committees and events address issues of importance to faculty across a wide spectrum of specialty areas. In addition, the Section promotes active networking opportunities between academics and members of the practice community."
Donald E. Wygal
Rider University 
TLC Chair, 2000-01

"My membership in the TLC Section is extremely important to me. I leave each TLC Section session at the national and regional meetings with new and interesting ideas that I can take back and apply in my own teaching endeavors. I have found that we all face many of the same issues in our teaching and curriculum building efforts, and I thoroughly enjoy sharing in the experiences of my colleagues from around the world."
Richard E. Baker
TLC Section President, 1994-95
AAA Director of Education, 1997-98

"Membership in the Teaching, Learning and Curriculum section of the AAA should be required for all accounting educators. The pace of change in accounting education mandates high impact involvement in new developments and emerging educational strategies by every accounting educator. The TLC section is an excellent vehicle for keeping abreast of current developments in accounting education."
Doyle Z. Williams
Founding Chairman
Accounting Education Change Commission 
1989-93

"Hockey great Wayne Gretzky advises that we need to go where the puck will be, rather than going to where the puck is now. Similarly, to become a great teacher and professor, you need to join and participate in the many valuable TLC activities." 
D. Larry Crumbley
Louisiana State University
TLC Chair, 2007-08

   

Objectives

The Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section is dedicated to the continual improvement of accounting education, especially through the development of relevant and innovative curricula, a renewed emphasis of effective and efficient instruction, and the exploration of knowledge-organization issues related to accounting programs. Specific objectives include, but are not limited to:

  1. Teaching:
    1. To foster research in methods of learning and their application to the field of accounting instruction;
    2. To stimulate discussion and experimentation in instructional means, methods, and materials in general;
    3. To raise questions and to disseminate knowledge about teaching and teaching-related materials;
    4. To initiate, encourage, and sponsor research in methods of learning and in the improvement of skills and aids used to impart knowledge of accounting and of related fields; and
    5. To provide guidance and opportunities for members to both test and improve their teaching skills and instructional materials.
  2. Curriculum matters:
    1. To encourage continued consideration of and experimentation in all facets of curriculum development for accounting programs; and
    2. To communicate interests, intentions, and information about curriculum developments in accounting programs.
  3. Education:
    1. To encourage a broad definition of scholarship that includes a high priority on teaching and curriculum development;
    2. To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings about developments related to instruction and curriculum issues in accounting education;
    3. To work with other organizations pursuing similar goals; and
    4. To encourage qualified individuals to consider opportunities in accounting education by providing appropriate guidance and knowledge about such careers


Officers

President
Gail Hoover King
Purdue University Calumet
2200 169th Street
Hammond, IN 46323-2094
Phone: 219-989-2381
ghkingAAA@gmail.com
Past President
Susan Crosson
Emory University
1551 Mason Mill Road
Atlanta, GA 30329
Phone: 352-219-0770
susan.crosson@emory.edu
   

Vice President-Academic
Natalie Churyk
Northern Illinois University
Dept Of Accountancy
Barsema Hall 345T
Dekalb, IL 60115
Phone: 815-753-6210
nchuryk@niu.edu

Vice President-Practice
John DeMelis
Ernst & Young LLP
5 Times Square
New York City, NY
Phone: 914-525-3357
john.demelis@ey.com

   
Treasurer
Bambi Hora
University of Central Oklahoma
Phone: 405-974-2156
bhora@uco.edu
Secretary
Tim Naddy
Shorter University
Phone: 706-331-5455
tnaddy@shorter.edu
   
Council Representative
Susan Crosson
Emory University
Phone: 352-219-0770
susan.crosson@emory.edu
 

 

Editors

The Accounting Educator (Newsletter)
Carol Yacht, Author
McGraw-Hill Higher Education
PO BOX A
Jerome, AZ 86331
Phone: 928-634-0603
carol@carolyacht.com

 

 

Committee Chairpersons

Annual Meeting Program Committee
Co-Chair Karen Osterheld
Bentley University
Phone: 781-891-2724
kosterheld@bentley.edu

Annual Meeting Program Committee
Co-Chair Dan Jones
Assumption College
Phone: 508-767-7534
dajones@assumption.edu

   
Membership Committee Co-Chair
Cynthia Bolt-Lee
The Citadel
Phone: 843-953-6973
cynthia.bolt@citadel.edu
Membership Committee Co-Chair
TBA
   

WOW Event Committee
Natalie Churyk
Northern Illinois University
Phone: 815-753-6210
nchuryk@niu.edu

Innovations in Accounting Chair
Tracy Manly
University of Tulsa
Phone: 918-631-3992
tracy-manly@utulsa.edu

   

Online Meetings Committee
Cathy Scott
Navarro College
Phone: 903-875-7535
cathy.scott@navarrocollege.edu

Faculty Development Committee
Cathleen Burns
Thought Leader
Phone:  303-726-8091
cathleen.burns@calsco.com

   

TLC Regional Coordinating Committee
Carol Hartley
Providence College
Phone: 401-865-2154
chartley@providence.edu

TLC Strategic Taskforce
Susan Crosson
Emory University
Phone: 352-219-0770
susan.crosson@emory.edu

   

Midyear Meeting Program Chair
Cathy Scott
Navarro College
903-875-7535
cathy.scott@navarrocollege.edu

 

 

Regional Coordinators

Mid-Atlantic Co-Coordinator
Nina Dorata
St. Johns University
718-990-7329
doratan@stjohns.edu

Mid-Atlantic Co-Coordinator
TBA

   

Midwest Co-Coordinator
Markus Ahrens
Saint Louis Community College-Meramec
Phone: 314 984-7507
mahrens@stlcc.edu

Midwest Co-Coordinator
Susan Curtis
University of Illinois-Champaign
Phone: (217) 333-4529
smcurtis@illinois.edu
   

Northeast Co-Coordinator
Carol Hartley
Providence College
Phone: 401-865-2154
chartley@providence.edu

Northeast Co-Coordinator
Yvette Lazdowski
Plymouth State University
Phone: 603-535-2524
yjlazdowski@plymouth.edu

   
Ohio Co-Coordinator
Marsha Huber
Youngstown State University
Phone: 614-965-8787
mmhuber@ysu.edu

Southeast Co-Coordinator
Susan Swanger
Western Carolina University
Phone: 828-227-3525
swanger@wcu.edu

   

Ohio Co-Coordinators
TBD

Southeast Co-Coordinators
Charlene Spiceland
University of Memphis
Phone: 901-678-4788
cspice@memphis.edu

   
 

Southeast Co-coordinator
Timothy Cairney
Georgia Southern University
Phone: 912- 478-7157
tcairney@georgiasouthern.edu

   

Southwest Co-Coordinator
Veronda F. Willis
UT-Tyler
Phone: 903.565.5822
vwillis@uttyler.edu

Southwest Co-Coordinator
Tracy Manly
University of Tulsa
Phone: 918-631-3992
Tracy-Manly@utulsa.edu

   

Western Co-Coordinator
Beth Rolison
DeVry University – Westminster
Beth.rolison@earthlink.net

Western Co-Coordinators
Jane Weiss
University of Idaho
Phone: (208) 885-5750
jmweiss@uidaho.edu

Nominating Committee

Robert D. Allen, Chair
University of Utah
Eccles School of Business
1645 E Campus Center Dr
Rm #108
Salt Lake City, UT 84112
Phone: 801-581-7208
bob.allen@utah.edu

Susan Crosson
Emory University
1551 Mason Mill Road
Atlanta, GA 30329
Phone: 352-219-0770
susan.crosson@emory.edu
   

Markus Ahrens
St. Louis Community College
mahrens@stlcc.edu

Cassy Budd
Brigham Young University
cassybudd@byu.edu

   

Sherry Mills
New Mexico State University
smills@nmsu.edu

David Stout
Youngstown State University
davidstout@prodigy.net

   

The Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section is dedicated to the continual improvement of accounting education, especially through the development of relevant and innovative curricula, a renewed emphasis of effective and efficient instruction, and the exploration of knowledge-organization issues related to accounting programs. Specific objectives include, but are not limited to:

1. Teaching:

  1. To foster research in methods of learning and their application to the field of accounting instruction;
  2. To stimulate discussion and experimentation in instructional means, methods, and materials in general;
  3. To raise questions and to disseminate knowledge about teaching and teaching-related materials;
  4. To initiate, encourage, and sponsor research in methods of learning and in the improvement of skills and aids used to impart knowledge of accounting and of related fields; and
  5. To provide guidance and opportunities for members to both test and improve their teaching skills and instructional materials.

2. Curriculum matters:

  1. To encourage continued consideration of and experimentation in all facets of curriculum development for accounting programs; and
  2. To communicate interests, intentions, and information about curriculum developments in accounting programs.

3. Education:

  1. To encourage a broad definition of scholarship that includes a high priority on Teaching, Learning and Curriculum development;
  2. To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings about developments related to instruction and curriculum issues in accounting education;
  3. To work with other organizations pursuing similar goals; and
  4. To encourage qualified individuals to consider opportunities in accounting education by providing appropriate guidance and knowledge about such careers.
   

2013/2014

2012/2013

2011/2012

2010/2011

2009/2010

2008/2009

2007/2008

2006/2007


Past Chairs  
   

(Revised March 26, 2013)

I. Name of Organization

The name of this organization shall be the Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section of the American Accounting Association. As a part of the American Accounting Association, this organization is subject to the bylaws and other rules that apply to Sections of the American Accounting Association.

II. Objectives

The Teaching, Learning and Curriculum Section is dedicated to the continual improvement of accounting education, especially through the encouragement, development, and sharing of relevant and innovative curricula, an emphasis on effective and efficient instruction, and the exploration of knowledge-organization issues related to accounting programs. Specific objectives include but are not limited to:

A. In teaching:
    • 1. to initiate, encourage, and sponsor research in methods of learning and their application to the field of accounting instruction;
    • 2. to stimulate discussion and experimentation in instructional means, methods, and materials in general;
    • 3. to raise questions and to share knowledge about teaching and teaching-related materials;
    • 4. to provide guidance and opportunities for members both to test and to improve their teaching skills and instructional materials; and
    • 5. to investigate and share various means of evaluating instruction and instructional methods and materials.

B. In curricula matters:

    • 1. to encourage continued consideration of and experimentation in all facets of curricular developments for accounting programs; and
    • 2. to communicate interests, intentions, and information about curricular developments in accounting programs.

C. In education:

    • 1. to encourage a broad definition of scholarship which includes a high priority on teaching and curricular developments;
    • 2. to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings about developments related to instruction and curricular issues in accounting education;
    • 3. to work with other organizations pursuing similar goals; and
    • 4. to encourage qualified individuals to consider opportunities in accounting education by providing appropriate guidance and information about such careers.

III. Membership

All members in good standing of the parent American Accounting Association are eligible to become members of this Section. Those who pay the annual dues of this Section may vote, hold office, and participate in its activities as well as enjoy all the other privileges of membership.

IV. Dues and Fees

Annual dues shall be set within the limits established by the American Accounting Association. They shall be recommended by the Section's Executive Committee and voted on by the membership at the annual business meeting or, at the discretion of the Section's Executive Committee, by mail ballot and/or its electronic equivalent. They shall remain in effect until changed by that same process. A proposal to change the dues must be announced to the membership, in the Section's Newsletter, not less than thirty days prior to the annual business meeting or, in the case of a mail ballot, not less than forty-five days prior to the mail ballot due date (thus, a mail ballot requires a minimum of an additional fifteen days to be provided for responses). The proposal for a change in dues must specify the date(s) at which the proposed change becomes effective. Separate fees may be charged to participants of special events or recipients of particular services as authorized by the President subject to the approval of the Section's Executive Committee. The Section is also authorized to receive gifts and grants for special purposes.

V. Executive Committee of the Section

The Executive Committee shall consist of the President, the Vice President-Academic, the Vice President-Practice, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Section AAA Council Representative, and the immediate past President. The President shall call the meetings of the Executive Committee and, with any other three members, shall constitute a quorum. In addition to fulfilling those responsibilities specifically assigned to it, the Executive Committee shall act as an advisor to the President. Among its responsibilities shall be:

    • to formulate long- and short-term plans for the Section and decide on specific ways to implement the decisions of the membership;
    • to assist the President in establishing and staffing all standing and ad hoc committees to carry out Section business;
    • to oversee communication among officers, committees, and the membership as a whole;
    • to name interim officers, or elected committee members, to serve until the next annual election, if for some reason an elected position becomes vacant;
    • to submit a report, at least annually, to the membership about major actions and activities of the Section; and
    • to perform such other responsibilities as assigned by these Bylaws, the Section's President, or the membership.

The Executive Committee will receive the advice and counsel of an Advisory Committee, whose members shall be all the Section's Regional Directors, and the Section's representative to the AAA's annual meeting Program Advisory Committee.

VI. Officers

The officers of the section shall be the President, the Vice President-Academic, the Vice President-Practice, the Secretary, the Treasurer, the Section AAA Council Representative, and the immediate past President.

A. The President shall serve a two-year term. The responsibilities of the President shall be:

    • to manage the affairs of the Section and carry out its actions and activities as directed by the Section membership with the advice of the Section's Executive Committee;
    • to preside at all meetings of the Section and its Executive Committee;
    • to coordinate the activities of the Section with the officers and other units of the American Accounting Association and with the parent organization itself, and to submit such reports as required;
    • to encourage maximum membership participation through such means as committee membership, programs, the fostering of regional activities, and involvement in regional and annual meetings;
    • to charge and appoint all committees and task forces, with the advice of the Section's Executive Committee;
    • to appoint our Section's representative to serve on the American Accounting Association's annual meeting Program Advisory Committee;
    • to solicit and approve applications for our Section-sponsored CPE at the American Accounting Association's annual meeting;
    • to prepare the annual budget with the assistance of the Treasurer and the advice of the Section's Executive Committee, and authorize the expenditure of Section funds; and
    • to represent the Section to all outside interests.

The Vice President-Academic shall be a faculty member elected to a two-year term, and, on the completion of this elected term, shall succeed to the President position. The responsibilities of the Vice President-Academic shall be:

    • to assume the duties of the President when the President is unable to do so;
    • to carry out such duties as the President may assign;
    • to appoint the incoming Associate Regional Directors for each region;
    • to supervise the activities of the Section's Regional Directors; and
    • to monitor and approve our Section-sponsored CPE at the AAA regional meetings.

C.The Vice President-Practice shall be a member from practice elected for a two-year term. The responsibilities of the Vice President-Practice shall be:

    • to maintain close coordination with groups and organizations outside the American Accounting Association which have similar interests;
    • to recommend to the President appropriate activities involving such outside groups and organizations; and
    • to undertake such other duties as the President may assign.

D. The Secretary shall be elected for a two-year term, and shall be eligible for reelection for a maximum of one additional two-year term. The responsibilities of the Secretary shall be:

    • to oversee the keeping of Section minutes and records of meetings and other activities;
    • to supervise the formal communication activities of the Section and to coordinate its publications;
    • to supervise the activities of the Newsletter Editor;
    • to interact with the Executive Director of the American Accounting Association with regard to any issues of Section membership;
    • to monitor and supervise the Section's membership function;
    • to monitor and track the committees of the Section, and obtain progress updates from the committees to present to the Section's Executive Committee;
    • to monitor and supervise the Section's website on the American Accounting Association's homepage;
    • to record and report on all Section and Section Executive Committee meetings; and
    • to provide notice of all Section and Section Executive Committee meetings.

E. The Treasurer shall be elected for a two-year term, and shall be eligible for reelection for a maximum of one additional two-year term. The responsibilities of the Treasurer shall be:

    • to coordinate the management of Section finances with the Executive Director of the American Accounting Association;
    • to assist the President in preparing the budget for the coming year; and
    • to prepare and present at the annual business meeting a report on the Section's financial status and activities for the preceding fiscal year.

F. The duties of the immediate past President shall be:

    • to serve as a member of the Nominating Committee of the Section;
    • to assist the President of the Section, whenever possible, as requested by the President.

G. The Section's representative on the Council of the American Accounting Association will be elected for a 3 year term (begins September 2012), and may be re-elected for one additional term. In order to fully represent the section's position on issues and have knowledge of section activities and membership, the Section representative to AAA Council will have currently/previously served on the TLC Executive Committee within the past 6 years prior to election. The responsibilities of the Council representative shall be:

  • to represent the section at the AAA Council meetings (if they are unable to attend, they should notify the remaining executive committee so that a substitute can be sent);
  • to perform Council duties as described in the AAA bylaws; and
  • to report in a timely manner all relevant Council meeting information to the section governing body.
  • represent no other segment during their representation of TLC on the Council.

H.No Section officer shall receive compensation, honoraria, professional fees, stipends, etc., for the performance of Section responsibilities. Officers may be reimbursed from Section funds for expenses incurred in connection with the performance of their duties under guidelines established by the Section's Executive Committee and the American Accounting Association.

I. Vacancy of Office:

If any office becomes vacant because of the inability or unwillingness of the holder to complete the term, that office shall be filled by appointment of the Executive Committee to complete the office term. If the vacated office is that of Section Chair, then the Chair-elect shall be appointed to fill the term, before completing their own term as Chair.

VII. Nominations and Elections

A. The Nominating Committee shall consist of the two most immediate past Section Presidents willing to serve. The more senior past Section President shall serve as the Nominating Committee Chair while the more recent past Section President shall serve as a member of the committee. Other members of the committee shall be four members of the Section who are not then serving in any other elected position of the Section and who were elected to the Nominating Committee by majority vote of the voting Section membership.

  1. The Nominating Committee will actively solicit nominations from Section members through at least two broadcast emails as well as postings on the T&C website. Self-nominations are encouraged. Each nomination should include a brief vita that will enable the nominations committee to consider each nomination according to the criteria listed below.

  2. Criteria for selecting nominees include prior T&C service and leadership positions (committee chairs, regional directors etc.), AAA service, other professional or academic leadership experience, contributions to the discipline with a focus on teaching and curriculum issues, and evidence of commitment and willingness to serve. All nominees must be members of the section, in good standing.

  3. The Nominating Committee shall present to the Secretary, nominees for the positions of Vice President-Academic, Vice President-Practice, Secretary, and Treasurer and the four members of the nominating committee to be elected. The nominating committee will select three candidates for each position where possible.

  4. The call for nominations shall be published each year by the end of January. Nominations will be accepted until the first Monday in March. The slate of nominees shall then be presented to the membership by April 1. The election shall be conducted electronically via the Internet by the end of April of each year.

B. Election of officer nominees shall be by majority vote of Section members voting in the annual election. Elections results shall be certified and announced by the Secretary via the Internet within one month after the vote. The slate of elected officers and nominating committee members shall be introduced by the Chair of the Nominating Committee at the Section's next business meeting. Newly elected officers and nominating committee members shall assume office at the conclusion of that meeting.

C. The AAA Council representative will be nominated by the Current Section Chair. The Chair will then submit the name(s) (after verifying nominee(s) about willingness to serve) of the nominee(s) to the Executive Committee. The Executive Committee (minus the Chair) will then vote on the nominee(s) and elect the TLC Section AAA Council Representative.

VIII. Regional Directors and Associate Directors

A. The term of each Regional Director shall be one year. To facilitate planning, the commencement of a new Associate and Regional Director's term shall be immediately after the region's annual meeting rather than at the annual business meeting of the Section. The responsibilities of a Regional Director shall be:

    • to coordinate the Section's activities in the region;
    • to meet, at least annually, with the Vice President-Academic to plan and discuss Section activities in the region;
    • to serve on the Section's Advisory Committee to the Section's Executive Committee;
    • to carry out such other activities as the Section's Executive Committee may assign; and
    • to report annually to the Section's Executive Committee about Section activities carried out in the region.

B. Associate Regional Directors shall be named for each region recognized by the American Accounting Association. They shall be named by the Vice President-Academic, with advice from the Section's Executive Committee, to serve one year or the remainder of any unfilled term. The Associate Regional Directors shall assist their Regional Directors and succeed to the Regional Director position at the conclusion of their Regional Director's term.

IX. Newsletter Editor

A. The Executive Committee of the Section shall be responsible for selecting an editor for the Section newsletter.

    • 1. the term of appointment shall be for three years, commencing with the date of the Section's annual business meeting; and
    • 2. prior to the end of the current editor's term, the Section's Executive Committee shall decide whether to extend the term of the current editor for a maximum of another three years or appoint another editor for a three-year term.

B. The responsibilities of the editor of the newsletter shall be:

    • 1. to solicit news items for the newsletter;
    • 2. to publish a quarterly newsletter;
    • 3. to supervise the distribution of the newsletter to the current members of the Section and other interested parties on a timely basis; and
    • 4. to prepare and submit an annual report to the Section's Secretary.

X. Meetings

The Section shall hold an annual business meeting in conjunction with the annual meeting of the American Accounting Association. Matters coming before the Section membership at that or any other meeting of the Section shall be decided by a majority of those Section members present and voting. Other meetings may be held at such time and place as designated by the Section's Executive Committee upon suitable notification of the membership at least thirty days in advance. Notification should include an agenda as well as the time and place.

XI. Expenditures

Procedures for the expenditure of funds shall be established and monitored by the Section's Executive Committee. Expenditures may not be made nor debts incurred in the name of the Section in an amount which exceeds the unencumbered funds available to the Section during the current year.

XII. Publications

The Section may publish materials in addition to its newsletter such as special newsletters, proceedings, working papers, monographs, journals, etc., as deemed appropriate by the Section's Executive Committee within the policies of the American Accounting Association.

XIII. Amendments

Within the guidelines of the American Accounting Association, amendments to these Section Bylaws must be proposed by the Section's Executive Committee, or by a petition signed by at least twenty-five members of the Section, at least sixty days prior to the Section's annual business meeting. Proposed amendments shall be presented for vote by the membership at the annual business meeting or, at the discretion of the Section's Executive Committee, by mail ballot and/or its electronic equivalent. Amendments to the Bylaws must be approved by a two-thirds majority of the Section's members voting. A thirty-day notice must be given of Bylaw amendments to be presented for vote of the membership. If taken by mail, at least fifteen days must additionally be provided for response (i.e., a minimum of forty-five days from the announcement date to the final due date for ballots). Amendments shall go into effect as soon as the results of the balloting are certified by the Secretary.